The fundamental building block of OO software.
A
class defines a data type, much like a struct would be in C. In a computer science sense, a type consists of both
a set of states and a set of operations which transition between those states. Thus int is a type because it has
both a set of states and it has operations like i + j or i++, etc. In exactly the same way, a class provides a
set of (usually public) operations, and a set of (usually non-public) data bits representing the abstract values
that instances of the type can have.
You can imagine that
int is a class that has member functions called operator++, etc. (int isn’t really a
class, but the basic analogy is this: a class is a type, much like int is a type.)
Note: a C programmer can think of a
class as a C struct whose members default to private. But if that’s all you
think of a class, then you probably need to experience a personal paradigm shift.
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